1. Kubalulekile ukuqonda iimfuno ezikhuselayo zokutya
Ukutya okuhlukeneyo kunamacandelo ahlukeneyo ekhemikhali, iipropati zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, njl., ngoko ke ukutya okuhlukeneyo kuneemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela zokupakisha.Umzekelo,ukupakishwa kwetikufuneka ibe nokumelana neoksijini ephezulu (ukuthintela izithako ezisebenzayo ukuba zifakwe kwi-oxidized), ukuxhathisa ukufuma okuphezulu (iti ifumana ukungunda kwaye iyancipha xa imanzi), ukumelana nokukhanya okuphezulu (i-chlorophyll kwiti iya kutshintsha phantsi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwelanga), kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu ivumba.(Amalungu evumba leemolekyuli zeti kulula kakhulu ukukhupha, kwaye ivumba leti lilahlekile. Ukongeza, amagqabi eti nawo alula kakhulu ukufunxa amavumba angaphandle), kwaye inxalenye enkulu yeti kwimarike okwangoku ipakishwe ngokwesiqhelo. I-PE, i-PP kunye nezinye iingxowa zeplastiki ezicacileyo, ezichitha kakhulu izithako ezisebenzayo itiye , umgangatho weti awunakuqinisekiswa.
Ngokuchasene nokutya okungentla, iziqhamo, imifuno, njl. zineendlela zokuphefumula emva kokukhetha, oko kukuthi, ukupakishwa kuyadingeka ukuba kubekho ukunyanzeliswa okuhlukeneyo kwiigesi ezahlukeneyo.Umzekelo,iimbotyi zekofu ezigcadiweyoiya kukhulula ngokukhawuleza i-carbon dioxide emva kokupakishwa, kunyeitshizinazo ziya kuvelisa ikharbon diokside emva kokupakishwa, ngoko ke ukupakishwa kwazo kufuneka kube ngumqobo weoksijini ephezulu kunye nekharbhon diokside ephezulu yokungena.Iimfuno zokukhusela zokupakishwa kwenyama ekrwada, ukutya kwenyama ecoliweyo,iziselo, amashwamshwam, kwayeiimpahla ezibhakiweyonazo zahluke kakhulu.Ke ngoko, ukupakishwa kufuneka kuyilwe ngokwesayensi ngokweempawu ezahlukeneyo zokutya ngokwazo kunye neemfuno zokukhusela zamanzi.
2. Khetha izinto zokupakisha ezinomsebenzi ofanelekileyo wokukhusela
Izinto zanamhlanje zokupakisha ukutya ziquka iiplastiki, iphepha, izinto ezidibeneyo (izinto ezininzi ezidibeneyo ezifana neplastiki / iplastiki, iplastiki / iphepha, iplastiki / i-aluminium, i-foil / iphepha / iplastiki, njl.), iibhotile zeglasi, iitoti zetsimbi Linda.Sigxininisa kwizinto ezidibeneyo kunye nokupakishwa kweplastiki.
1) Izinto ezidibeneyo
Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zezona zinto zihlukeneyo kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi izinto zokupakisha eziguquguqukayo.Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-30 zeeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kokutya, kwaye kukho amakhulu ezinto ezihlanganisiweyo ezineeplastiki.Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zisebenzisa iileya ezi-2-6, kodwa zinokufikelela kwi-10 okanye ngaphezulu kwiimfuno ezizodwa.Ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki, iphepha okanye umatshini wephepha le-tissue, ifoyile ye-aluminiyam kunye nezinye ii-substrates, inzululwazi kunye nokudibanisa okufanelekileyo okanye ukuhambelana kwe-lamination, kunokufikelela kwiimfuno zokupakisha zokutya ezahlukeneyo.Ngokomzekelo, ubomi beshelufu yeTetra Pak yobisi olupakishweyo olwenziwe ngezinto ezinobumba obuninzi njengeplastiki / ikhadibhodi / i-aluminium-plastiki / iplastiki ingaba yisiqingatha sonyaka ukuya kunyaka.Ubomi beshelufa yezinye iitoti zenyama eziguquguqukayo eziguquguqukayo zinokude zibe neminyaka emi-3, kwaye ubomi beshelufu beekeyiki ezihlanganisiweyo ezipakishweyo kumazwe athile aphuhlileyo bunokufikelela ngaphezu konyaka omnye.Emva konyaka omnye, isondlo, umbala, ivumba, incasa, imilo kunye nomxholo we-microbial wekhekhe usadibana noFuna.Xa uyila ukupakishwa kwezinto ezidibeneyo, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhethweni kwee-substrates zomaleko ngamnye, ukuhlanganiswa kufuneka kube yinzululwazi kunye nengqiqo, kunye nokusebenza okubanzi kwendibaniselwano yomaleko ngamnye kufuneka kuhlangabezane neemfuno ezipheleleyo zokutya zokupakisha.
2) Iplastiki
Kukho iintlobo ezilishumi elinesihlanu okanye ezintandathu zeeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kokutya kwilizwe lam, njenge-PE, PP, PS, PET, PA, PVDC, EVA, PVA, EVOH, PVC, ionomer resin, njl. Phakathi kwazo, ezo kunye nokumelana ne-oksijeni ephezulu kubandakanya i-PVA, i-EVOH, i-PVDC, i-PET, i-PA, njl., abo banokumelana nomswakama ophezulu baquka i-PVDC, i-PP, i-PE, njl.;abo banokuxhathisa okuphezulu kwi-radiation efana ne-PS inayiloni enuka kamnandi, njl.;abo banokumelana nokushisa okuphantsi njenge-PE, EVA, POET, PA, njl.;Ukumelana ne-oyile elungileyo kunye neempawu zoomatshini, ezifana ne-ionomer resin, i-PA, i-PET, njl. njl., ezixhathisayo kwi-sterilization yobushushu obuphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, njenge-PET, i-PA, njl njl. I-polymerization iyahluka, uhlobo kunye nobuninzi bezongezo ziyahluka, kwaye iimpawu zikwahluke.Nokuba iipropathi zamabakala ahlukeneyo eplastiki enye ziya kwahluka.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha iiplastiki ezifanelekileyo okanye indibaniselwano yeeplastiki kunye nezinye izinto ngokweemfuno.Ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kunokubangela ukuba umgangatho wokutya wehle okanye uphulukane nexabiso lako elinokutyiwa.
3.ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zobuchwepheshe zokupakisha eziphambili
Ukuze kwandiswe ubomi beshelufu yokutya, itekhnoloji entsha yokupakisha ehlala iphuhliswa, njengokupakisha okusebenzayo, ukupakisha okuchasene nokungunda, ukupakishwa kobungqina bokufuma, ukupakisha okuchasene nenkungu, ukupakisha okuchasene ne-static, ukupakishwa okukhethiweyo okuphefumlayo, ukungatyibiliki. ukupakishwa, ukupakishwa kwe-buffer, njl., zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo.Ubuchwephesha obutsha abusetyenziswa kakhulu kwilizwe lam, kwaye ezinye iindlela azinanto.Ukusetyenziswa kwezi teknoloji eziphambili kunokuphucula kakhulu umsebenzi wokukhusela wokupakisha.
4. Ukukhethwa koomatshini bokupakisha kunye nezixhobo ezixhasa iteknoloji yokulungisa ukutya
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zetekhnoloji yokulungisa ukutya, kuye kwaphuhliswa izixhobo ezitsha zokupakisha, ezinje ngoomatshini bokupakisha ivacuum, oomatshini bokupakisha be-vacuum, oomatshini bokupakisha bobushushu, oomatshini bokupakisha amadyungudyungu, oomatshini bokupakisha ulusu, izixhobo zokuthambisa ishidi, ulwelo. Ukuzalisa oomatshini, ukwenza / ukuzalisa / ukutywina oomatshini bokupakisha, iiseti ezipheleleyo zezixhobo zokupakisha ze-aseptic, njl. Ngokutsho kwezixhobo ezikhethiweyo zokupakisha kunye neendlela zokupakisha, ukhetho okanye ukuyila koomatshini bokupakisha bahambelana neteknoloji yokulungisa ukutya kunye nomthamo wokuvelisa isiqinisekiso ukupakishwa ngempumelelo.
5. Imodeli kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo kufuneka luhlangabezane neemfuno zesayensi
Uyilo lokupakisha kufuneka luhlangabezane neemfuno zejometri, kwaye uzame ukusebenzisa izinto ezincinci zokupakisha ukwenza isitya esikhulu somthamo, esinokugcina izinto zokupakisha kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusingqongileyo.Uyilo lwesakhiwo sesitya sokupakisha kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zoomatshini, kwaye amandla oxinzelelo, ukuchasana kwempembelelo, kunye nokuchasana nokulahla kufuneka kuhlangabezane neemfuno zokugcinwa, ukuthutha kunye nokuthengiswa kwephakheji.Uyilo lwemilo yesikhongozelo sokupakisha kufuneka sibe nentsha.Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa inkonkxa emile okwephayinapile ukupakisha incindi yephayinapile kunye nesitya esimile okweapile ukupakisha incindi yeapile kunye nezinye izikhongozeli ezipakishwayo ezidlamkileyo zifanele ukukhuthazwa.Izikhongozeli zokupakisha kufuneka kube lula ukuzivula okanye ukuzivula ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye ezinye zifuna ukuvulwa okanye ukutywinwa komboniso.
6. Thobela imimiselo yokupakishwa yelizwe lam kunye namazwe athumela ngaphandle
Ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni, inyathelo ngalinye lokupakisha kufuneka likhethe izixhobo, itywina, ukuprinta, inqwaba kunye nelebhile ngokwemigangatho yokupakisha, imimiselo kunye nemimiselo.Ukubekwa emgangathweni kunye nokubekwa emgangathweni kuqhutywa kuyo yonke inkqubo yokupakisha, enceda ekuboneleleni ngemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukujikeleziswa kwempahla kunye norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, njalo njalo, izikhongozeli zokupakisha Ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokulahlwa kwezinto zokupakisha inkunkuma kufuneka kuhlangabezene neemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.
7. Ukuhlolwa kokupakishwa
Ukupakishwa kwale mihla kusekelwe kuhlalutyo lwenzululwazi, ukubala, ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kwezinto, uyilo kunye nokuhombisa, ngokusetyenziswa kobugcisa bokupakisha obuphambili kunye noomatshini bokupakisha kunye nezixhobo.Njengomrhwebi ofanelekileyo, ukongeza kwimveliso (ukutya) kufuneka ivavanywe, ukupakishwa kufuneka kwakhona kwenziwe iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo.Njengokungena komoya, ukunyakama komswakama, ukuchasana kweoyile, ukumelana nokufuma kwesitya sokupakisha, intsebenziswano phakathi kwesitya sokupakisha (izinto eziphathekayo) kunye nokutya, inani elishiyekileyo lokupakisha izicubu ekutyeni, ukuxhathisa kwempahla yokupakisha. ukutya okupakishweyo, isikhongozeli sokupakisha Amandla oxinzelelo, amandla agqabhukileyo, amandla empembelelo, njl. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zovavanyo lokupakisha, kwaye izinto zovavanyo zinokukhethwa ngokweemeko ezithile kunye neemfuno zolawulo.
8. Uyilo lokupakisha umhombiso kunye nokupakisha uyilo lokwazisa uphawu
Ukupakishwa kunye noyilo lokuhombisa kufuneka luhambelane nezinto ezithandwayo kunye nemikhwa yabathengi kunye nabathengi kumazwe athumela ngaphandle.Uyilo lwepateni lulungelelaniswa kakuhle kunye nengaphakathi.Uphawu lokuthengisa kufuneka lube kwindawo ecacileyo, kwaye inkcazo yesicatshulwa kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokutya.Iinkcazo zemveliso kufuneka zibe yinyaniso.Iimpawu zokuthengisa kufuneka zithandeke, ziqondeke lula, zisasazeke lula, kwaye zinokudlala indima ekubhengezweni ngokubanzi.Uyilo lokupakishwa kweemveliso zegama le-brand kufuneka lube nolwazi lwe-brand.Enye iphakheji yemveliso inokutshintshwa lula, echaphazela ukuthengisa.Ngokomzekelo, uhlobo oluthile lweviniga e-China lunodumo oluhle eJapan nakumazantsi-mpuma e-Asia, kodwa umthamo wokuthengisa emva kokutshintsha ukupakisha uyancipha kakhulu.Ukupakishwa kuyakrokrelwa.Ke ngoko, imveliso kufuneka ipakishwe ngokwesayensi kwaye ayinakuguqulwa lula.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-20-2022